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October 29 佛说阿弥陀经要解 Part 1-2
佛说阿弥陀经要解 Commentary on the Amitabha Sutra
姚秦三藏法师鸠摩罗什译 清西有沙门蕅益智旭解
Translated by Dr. J. C. Cleary ---- Mind-Seal of Buddhas Humbly Revised by Hsingmean (Edwin) Sha 沙行勉 based on my personal understanding Part 1-2
信事者,深信只今现前一念不可尽故,依心所现十方世界亦不可尽。实有极乐国在十万亿土外,最极清净庄严,不同庄生寓言。是名信事。 Believe factual phenomena. Have deep faith that since this mind of ours is infinite, the worlds of the ten directions that appear based on it are inexhaustible. The Land of Ultimate Bliss really does exist ten billion Buddha-lands away, ultimate pure and sublime. This is not some fable from Chuang-tzu. This is called "believing factual phenomena". Believe in inner truth (noumenon). Have deep faith that the countless Buddha-lands (worlds) are in reality not outside our “tiny” Mind of Buddha remembrance since there is really nothing outside of this Mind. We have deep certainty that the whole array of beings and surroundings in the Pure Land is a set of reflections appearing in our mind. All phenomena are merged with inner truth. All falsity is merged with truth. All practices are merged with True Nature. All others are merged with oneself. Our own inherent mind is all-pervasive, and the Buddha-mind is also all-pervasive, and the true nature of the minds of sentient beings is also all-pervasive. It is like a thousand lamps in one room, each of whose lights shines on all the others and merges with the other lights without any obstruction. This is called "believing in inner truth" (Noumenon).
如此信已,则娑婆即自心所感之秽,而自心秽,理应厌离。极乐即自心所感之净,而自心净,理应欣求。厌秽须舍至究竟,方无可舍。欣净须取至究竟,方无可取。 [Vows]. Once we have these forms of faith, then we must understand that the mundane world is the defilement brought about by our own minds, and we must detach from it; the Pure Land is the purity brought about by our own minds, and we must joyously seek it. We must renounce defilement utterly, until there is nothing that can be renounced, and we must grasp purity utterly, until there is nothing that can be grasped. 故《妙宗》云:取舍若极,与不取舍亦非异辙。设不从事取舍,但尚不取不舍,即是执理废事。既废于事,理亦不圆。若达全事即理,则取亦即理,舍亦即理。一取一舍,无非法界。故次信而明愿也。 Therefore the commentary Miao-tsung said: If you take grasping and rejecting to the limit, they are not in a different track than not grasping and not rejecting. If you do not engage in grasping and rejecting, and only value not grasping and not rejecting, this is a form of clinging to inner truth and abandoning phenomena. If you neglect the phenomenal level, then you are not complete at the inner truth level. If you arrive at the point where all phenomena are merged with inner truth, then both grasping and rejecting are also merged with inner truth. Sometimes grasping, sometimes rejecting, nothing is not the realm of reality.
言执持名号一心不乱者,名以召德,德不可思议,故名号亦不可思议。名号功德不可思议,故使散称为佛种,执持登不退也。 [Practice]. When we speak of concentrating on invoking the Buddha-name singlemindedly, with a mind that is unified and not chaotic, we are using the Buddha-name to summon up the qualities of Buddhahood. Since the qualities of Buddhahood are inconceivable, the Buddha-name itself is also inconceivable. Since the merits of the Buddha-name are inconceivable, even if we recite the Buddha-name in a scattered state of mind, it is still a seed of enlightenment, and if we recite Buddha-name singlemindedly, we will reach the Pure Land and until then it is impossible for us to retreat.
然诸经示净土行,万别千差。如观像、观想、礼拜供养、五悔六念等,一一行成,皆生净土。 Many sutras teach Pure Land practices of various kinds: contemplating the image of Buddha, contemplating the concept of Buddha, doing prostrations, making offerings, practicing the five forms of repentance and the six forms of mindfulness, and so on. If you consummate any of these practices, [and dedicate the merits toward rebirth in the Pure Land], you will be born there.
唯持名一法,收机最广,下手最易。故释迦慈尊,无问自说,特向大智舍利弗拈出,可谓方便中第一方便,了义中无上了义,圆顿中最极圆顿。 The method of reciting the Buddha-name is the one that is the most all-conclusive, embracing people of all mentalities and the one that is easiest to practice. This is why the compassionate one, Sakyamuni Buddha, explained it to Shariputra without being asked. Reciting the Buddha-name can be called the number one expedient among all the expedient methods in practices, the supreme one among all the methods in understanding the Buddha’s teaching, the most perfect one among all the complete methods in finding the inner truth of Buddhahood.
故云:清珠投于浊水,浊水不得不清;佛号投于乱心,乱心不得不佛也。信愿持名,以为一乘真因。四种净土,以为一乘妙果。举因则果必随之, There is a saying: "If a purifying pearl is put into dirty water, the dirty water cannot but be purified. If the Buddha-name is put into a chaotic mind, even that chaotic mind cannot fail to become enlightened. Reciting the Buddha-name with faith and vows is a true causal basis for the Supreme Vehicle. The four kinds of Pure Land [the Land Where Saints and Ordinary Beings Dwell Together, the Land of Expedient Liberation, the Land of Real Reward, and the Land of Eternally Quiescent Light] are the wondrous fruits of the One Vehicle. If you have the causal basis, then the result is sure to follow.
故以信愿持名为经正宗。其四种净土之相,详在《妙宗钞》,及《梵网玄义》,兹不具述。俟后释依正文中,当略示耳。
Therefore, faith, vows and reciting the Buddha-name are the true guiding principles of the Amitabha Sutra. The characteristics of the four kinds of Pure Land are described in detail in the Miao-tsung commentary on the sutra and in the book An explanation of the Brahma Net Sutra, and I will not explain them in full here. Later on I will give a brief account of them as I explicate the text.
第四明力用。此经以往生不退为力用。往生有四土,各论九品。且略明得生四土之相:若执持名号,未断见思,随其或散或定,于同居土分三辈九品;
Fourth, there is the sutra's powerful function (Power and Application). The powerful function of this sutra is to enable us to be reborn in the Pure Land and never fall back. Rebirth in the Pure Land can be categorized in terms of the Four Pure Lands, and also into nine grades in each land. Here I will give a brief explanation of the characteristics of the Four Lands. If you recite the Buddha-name without cutting off your delusions of views and thoughts, depending on how scattered or how concentrated you are, you are reborn in the level of the Land Where Saints and Ordinary Beings Live Together.
若持至事一心不乱,见思任运先落,则生方便有余净土;若至理一心不乱,豁破无明一品,乃至四十一品,则生实报庄严净土,亦分证常寂光土;若无明断尽,则是上上实报,究竟寂光也。 If you recite the Buddha-name to the point of singlemindedness (phenomenal level), your delusions of views and thoughts are cut off and you are born in the land that is the fruit of practicing expedient means: the Land of Expedient Liberation [where Arhats live]. If you recite the Buddha-name to the point of singlemindedness (noumenon or inner truth level), and you smash from one to forty-one levels of delusion and ignorance, then you are born in the Pure Land of Real Reward [where Bodhisattvas live]. If you recite the Buddha-name to the point that ignorance and delusion are totally cut off, this is the highest reward and you will be reborn in the Land of Eternally Quiescent Light [where the Buddhas dwell]. 不退有四义:一念不退。破无明,显佛性,径生实报,分证寂光。二行不退。见思既落,尘沙亦破,生方便土,进趋极果。三位不退。带业往生,在同居土,莲华托质,永离退缘。四毕竟不退。不论至心散心,有心无心,或解不解,但弥陀名号,或六方佛名,此经名字,一经于耳,假使千万劫后,毕竟因斯度脱。如闻涂毒鼓,远近皆丧,食少金刚,决定不消也。
There are four meanings in no-retreat: contemplation never retreats, practice never retreats, status never retreats, and finality never retreats. After breaking the ignorance, revealing Buddha nature, people can reach the birth of the Land of Real Reward, and also witness the Land of Eternally Quiescent Light. After removing the confusions in concepts and reflections, and breaking the countless dust-like confusion, people can reach the Land of Expedient Liberation, and go toward to enlightenment. After giving birth to Pure Land with karma, people will reach the land where Saints and Ordinary Beings Dwell Together, in which people are supported by the quality of lotus flower (pure land environment), and never have any retreat possibility. No matter with concentration or not, with mindfulness or not, with understanding or not, hearing Amitabha Buddha name or any Buddha’s names will gives the seed to the finality of reaching enlightenment.
复次只带业生同居净证位不退者,皆与补处俱,亦皆一生必补佛位。夫上善一处,是生同居,即已横生上三土,一生补佛。是位不退,即已圆证三不退。如斯力用,乃千经万论所未曾有。较彼顿悟正因,仅为出尘阶渐,生生不退,始可期于佛阶者,不可同日语矣。宗教之士,如何勿思。 Furthermore, even those who give birth with karma to the land where Saints and Ordinary Beings Dwell Together have the same guarantee of no-retreats as the people in other three lands. They will become enlightened in one life-time there. Because always being with supreme saints in one place, the land where Saints and Ordinary Beings Dwell Together is already a no-retreat step-stone to other three lands. That is to explain the no retreat in status. With the birth to any place in Pure Land, people have reached the guarantee of no-retreats. The Amitabha Sutra has this kind of powerful function, which no text can describe. The powerful function of the Amitabha Sutra should not be understood as a correct causal basis to a sudden enlightenment or a stepping stone out of the sensory world, which must be cultivated lifetime after lifetime before you can expect enlightenment. How can Zen Buddhists and Scriptural Buddhists fail to consider this? [see glossary, "Four Pure Lands"].
第五教相。此大乘菩萨藏摄。又是无问自说,彻底大慈之所加持,能令末法多障有情,依斯径登不退。故当来经法灭尽,特留此经住世百年,
Fifth, there are the forms of the Buddhist teaching in this sutra to explain. The sutra is contained in the Mahayana canon, Bodhisattva vehicle, and is "self-spoken" [delivered by the Buddha without being asked]. This sutra has enabled sentient beings with many karmic obstructions who live in the Dharma Ending Age to make a direct ascent toward enlightenment without falling back. Thus, in the future when all the other sutras have perished, this Amitabha Sutra will survive for another century, to bring deliverance on a wide scale to sentient beings.
广度含识。阿伽陀药,万病总持,绝待圆融,不可思议。华严奥藏,法华秘髓,一切诸佛之心要,菩萨万行之司南,皆不出于此矣。欲广叹述,穷劫莫尽,智者自当知之。
The Amitabha Sutra is a remedy for all sicknesses. It is beyond relativities, a perfect fusion, with inconceivable power. The mystic treasury of the Flower Ornament (Avatamsaka) Sutra, the secret gist of the Lotus Sutra, the essential teachings on mind of all the Buddhas, the compass of all the Bodhisattvas' myriad practices -- none of them is outside of this sutra. If I wanted to praise it at length, at the end of time I still would not be finished. Those with wisdom must know this sutra for themselves. 佛说阿弥陀经要解 英文翻译 Part 1-1
佛说阿弥陀经要解 Commentary on the Amitabha Sutra
姚秦三藏法师鸠摩罗什译 清西有沙门蕅益智旭解
Translated by Dr. J. C. Cleary ---- Mind-Seal of Buddhas Humbly Revised by Hsingmean (Edwin) Sha 沙行勉 based on my personal understanding
Oct. 29, 2006, finished the essence part. 每日礼拜佛一百遍。
原夫诸佛悯念群迷,随机施化。虽归元无二,而方便多门。然于一切方便之中,求其至直捷、至圆顿者,则莫若念佛求生净土。又于一切念佛法门之中,求其至简易、至稳当者,则莫若信愿专持名号。
The Buddhas took pity on all the deluded sentient beings, and put forth transformative teachings according to the various potentials of these deluded sentient beings. Although these teachings all derive from the same source, many different expedient methods are employed. Among all these expedients, if we seek the most direct and fast, and the most complete and sudden. None is as good as seeking birth in the Pure Land through Buddha-remembrance. If we seek the simplest and most reliable among all the methods of Buddha-Remembrance, the best is to develop faith and vows and to concentrate on reciting the Buddha-name.
是故净土三经并行于世,而古人独以《阿弥陀经》列为日课。岂非有见于持名一法,普被三根,摄事理以无遗,统宗教而无外,尤为不可思议也哉!
This is the reason that the ancients took the Amitabha Sutra as their daily study guide, though three Pure Land scriptures have circulated side by side in the world over the generations. The Amitabha Sutra shows that the method of reciting the Buddha-name applied to people with different capacities. It encompasses the level of phenomena and the level of inner truth (noumenon), omitting nothing. It embraces all sections of Buddhism and Scriptures of Buddhism, and leaves nothing out. This method is indeed inconceivably great.
古来注疏,代不乏人,世远就湮,所存无几。云栖和尚著为《疏钞》,广大精微。幽溪师伯述《圆中钞》,高深洪博。盖如日月中天,有目皆睹,特以文富义繁,边涯莫测,或致初机浅识,信愿难阶。
There have been many people to comment upon and explain the Amitabha Sutra. Over time, many of these commentaries have been oblivion and nowadays not many survive. Master Yun-Qi (Lian-Chi, 1535-1615) wrote his extensive and subtle commentary and my senior fellow teacher, Mater You-Xi, wrote Complete Middle Path Commentary, which is profound and highly learned. These two commentaries are like the sun and the moon: all those with eyes see them. But in these two commentaries, the literary style is elaborate and the level of meaning is complex. Their ultimate reaches are unfathomable.
故复弗揣庸愚,再述《要解》。不敢与二翁竞异,亦不必与二翁强同。譬如侧看成峰,横看成岭,纵皆不尽庐山真境,要不失为各各亲见庐山而已。将释经文,五重玄义。
Therefore I have put aside all qualms about my own mediocrity and ignorance and composed another commentary, explaining the essential points of the Amitabha Sutra. I would not dare to diverge from the two elders just to be original, nor would I force myself to agree with them for the sake of agreement. It is as if we look at a same mountain from different angles, so none of us can fully describe the true realms of the “mountain,” as each one of us can only give you the record of our personal encounters. Before I explain the sutra, I will first present the summary of the sutra using five classifications.
第一释名。此经以能说所说人为名。佛者,此土能说之教主,即释迦牟尼。乘大悲愿力,生五浊恶世。以先觉觉后觉,无法不知,无法不见者也。
This sutra takes its title from the one who expounds it and from the one of whom he speaks. Buddha is the master teacher in the world, that is, Sakyamuni. By the power of his vows of great compassion, he was born here in the world of the Five Turbidities. As the one enlightened, he was determined to bring enlightenment to others who have not. Buddha is the one who knows all and sees all.
说者,悦所怀也。佛以度生为怀,众生成佛机熟,为说难信法,令究竟脱,故悦也。
Buddha speaks the sutra with joy in his heart. Buddha’s intention is to liberate sentient beings. Since the potential of sentient being to achieve Buddhahood is ripe, Buddha expounds for them these Pure Land teachings which are difficult to believe. He intended to help them reach ultimate liberation. That’s why he is filled with joy.
阿弥陀,所说彼土之导师,以四十八愿,接信愿念佛众生生极乐世界,永阶不退者也。梵语阿弥陀,此云无量寿,亦云无量光。要之功德智慧,神通道力,依正庄严,说法化度,一一无量也。
Amitabha Buddha is the one Sakyamuni refers to in the sutra. Amitabha is the master teacher (guiding teacher) of the Pure Land. By the power of his forty-eight vows, he receives the sentient beings who have vowed to practice Buddha-remembrance by invoking the Buddha name and enable them to be born in the Land of Ultimate Bliss, and never fall back from there. The Sanskrit name “Amitabha” means “Infinite Life” and “Infinite Light”. The meanings of the name manifest his merits and his wisdom, his supernatural power, the grandeur of the Pure Land and people, his teachings and the liberation of sentient beings, all infinite.
一切金口,通名为经。对上五字,是通别合为题也。教行理三,各论通别,广如台藏所明。
A sutra is what Buddha said. These terms taken from general and particular senses make up the title of the scripture: The Amitabha Sutra Spoken by Buddha. The three categories --- teachings, practice, and inner truth (noumenon), which each sutra should have --- can each be explained in both general and particular senses, as set out in the Tien-Tai system.
第二辨体。大乘经皆以实相为正体。吾人现前一念心性,不在内,不在外,不在中间。非过去,非现在,非未来。非青黄赤白,长短方圆。非香,非味,非触,非法。觅之了不可得,而不可言其无。具造百界千如,而不可言其有。离一切缘虑分别,语言文字相。而缘虑分别,语言文字,非离此别有自性。
Second, there is the essence of the sutra to discern. The true essence of all the Great Vehicle (Mahayana) scriptures is Absolute Reality (Real Mark) itself. What is Absolute Reality? It is the Pure Mind reflected by our Buddha remembrance. It is not inside, not outside, and not in between. It is not past, not present, and not future. It is not green or yellow or red or while, long or short or square or round. It is not a scent, not a flavor, not a texture, not a mental object. When we search for it we cannot find it, but we cannot say it does not exist. It creates all worlds and all realms, but we cannot say it exists. It is detached from conditional thoughts and discriminations, from all words and characteristics. But conditional thoughts and discriminations and words and characteristics do not have any separate identity apart from it.
要之离一切相,即一切法。离故无相,即故无不相,不得已强名实相。
Essentially, absolute reality is detached from all forms, but merged with all things. Being detached from forms, it is formless, and being merged with all things, it has all forms. For lack of an alternative term, we impose on it the name “absolute reality” [i.e., Buddha Mind, Buddha Nature].
实相之体,非寂非照,而复寂而恒照,照而恒寂。照而寂,强名常寂光土。寂而照,强名清净法身。又照寂强名法身,寂照强名报身。又性德寂照名法身,修德寂照名报身。又修德照寂名受用身,修德寂照名应化身。
The essence of Absolute Reality is neither quiescent nor aware, but it is both quiescent and yet ever shining with awareness, both shining with awareness and yet ever quiescent. In that is is shining with awareness but quiescent, it is called the Land of Eternally Quiescent Light. In that it is quiescent but shining with awareness, it is called the pure Dharmakaya (Dharma Body). Aware quiescence is called the Dharmakaya, the Dharma Body of all the Buddhas. Quiescent awareness is called the Sambhogakaya, the Reward Body. The quiescent shining of Buddha nature is named as Dharma Body. The quiescent shining of the practice of Buddha nature is named Reward Body. From the view point of practicing Buddha nature, practicing Buddha nature with shining quiescence is called Reward Body and practicing Buddha nature with quiescent shining is called Incarnation Body.
寂照不二,身土不二,性修不二,真应不二,无非实相。实相无二,亦无不二。是故举体作依作正,作法作报,作自作他。
Quiescence and awareness are not two, bodies and environments are not two, nature and practice are not two, true essence and responsive functions are not two --- everything is nothing but absolute reality. Reality and appearances are neither two nor not two. Therefore, the essence of reality builds up both the environment that surrounds sentient beings and their very bodies. It builds up both the Dharma Body and the Reward Body of the Buddhas. It builds up both self and others.
乃至能说所说,能度所度,能信所信,能愿所愿,能持所持,能生所生,能赞所赞,无非实相正印之所印也。
Furthermore the one who speaks the sutra (Sakyamuni) and the one who is spoken of (Amitabha), the Buddhas who can deliver sentient beings and the sentient beings who are delivered, the ability to believe (mind) and that which is believed in (dharma), the ability to take vows and that which is vowed, the ability to concentrate on the Buddha-name (body, mouth and mind) and the Buddha-name which is concentrated upon, the ability to be born in the Pure Land (faith, vow and practice) and birth in the Pure Land itself, the ability to praise the Buddhas and the Buddhas who are praised --all of these are the imprint of the "true seal" of absolute reality. [Thus the Buddha Nature of sentient beings (absolute reality) is the true essence of all Mahayana Sutras.]
第三明宗。宗是修行要径,会体枢机,而万行之纲领也。提纲则众目张,挈领则襟袖至。故体后应须辨宗。
The guiding principle is the essential route for cultivating practice, the key link for understanding the essence [of our mind], the guiding framework for the myriad practices. When you hold up a net, the mesh opens up. When you lift the collar of a shirt, the breast and sleeves come too. Thus, after the essence, we must discern the guiding principle. The essential principle for cultivation in this sutra is to develop faith and vows and to recite the Buddha-name. Without faith, we are not sufficiently equipped to take vows. Without vows, we are not sufficiently equipped to guide our practice. Without the wondrous practice of reciting the Buddha-name, we are not sufficiently equipped to fulfill our vows and to bring our faith to fruition.
经中先陈依正以生信,次劝发愿以导行,次示持名以径登不退。信则信自,信他,信因,信果,信事,信理。愿则厌离娑婆,欣求极乐。行则执持名号,一心不乱。
The sutra first sets forth the environment of the Pure Land and the exalted embodiment of its inhabitants in order to engender faith in us. Next it urges us to take vows to lead our practice. Then it teaches us the practice of reciting the Buddha-name as the route to reach the Pure Land, upon which we will fall back. Faith means having faith in oneself and faith in others. It means being sure about cause and effect, about phenomena and inner truth (noumenon). Vows mean feeling aversion to the mundane world and detaching from it. Vows mean gladly seeking the Pure Land of Ultimate Bliss. Practice means persisting in the practice of reciting the Buddha-name singlemindedly and without delusion or confusion (with one-pointedness of mind).
信自者,信我现前一念之心,本非肉团,亦非缘影;竖无初后,横绝边涯;终日随缘,终日不变。十方虚空微尘国土,元我一念心中所现物。我虽昏迷倒惑,苟一念回心,决定得生自心本具极乐,更无疑虑。是名信自。
Believe in ourselves. Believing the Mind that can recite Buddha-name is not a physical entity, or the thoughts responsive to outside objects. It extends through time without any before or after and through space without any boundaries. Though it follows causal conditions all day long, it never changes. All of space in the ten directions and all the worlds countless as atoms are things manifested by this Mind of ours. Although we are deluded and confused, if for a single moment we return to this Mind, we are sure to be born in the Land of Ultimate Bliss originally inherent in our own mind, and be troubled no more by worry and doubt. This is called "believing in ourselves".
信他者,信释迦如来决无诳语,弥陀世尊决无虚愿,六方诸佛广长舌决无二言。随顺诸佛真实教诲,决志求生,更无疑惑。是名信他。
Believe in others. Have faith that the Tathagata Sakyamuni certainly did not lie, and that the World Honored One Amitabha certainly did not take his vows in vain. Believe that all the Buddhas of all the directions never equivocated. Believe to follow the true teachings of all the enlightened ones, so to establish our will to seek birth in the Pure Land without any doubt or confusion. This is called "believing in others".
信因者,深信散乱称名,犹为成佛种子,况一心不乱,安得不生净土。是名信因。 信果者,深信净土,诸善聚会,皆从念佛三昧得生,如种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆,亦如影必随形,响必应声,决无虚弃。是名信果。
Believe in the causal basis. Have faith that even Buddha-name invocation carried out in a scattered confused state of mind is still a seed of enlightenment, and Believe in the result. Have deep faith that the Pure Land and all the good people assembling there are born from the Buddha Remembrance Samadhi [the meditative concentration that comes from reciting the Buddha-name]. When you plant melon seeds you get melons, and when you plant beans you get beans. [Effect follows causes] like a shadow follows a physical shape, like an echo responds to a sound. Nothing is sown in vain. This is called "believing in the result".
October 25 般若波罗蜜多心经清定上师温州开示录 般若波罗蜜多心经
October 21 佛說莊嚴菩提心經佛說莊嚴菩提心經 姚秦三藏鳩摩羅什譯 如是我闻。一时佛住王舍城耆闍崛山中。与大比丘众千二百人俱。菩萨万人。其名曰智光菩萨。法光菩萨。月光菩萨。日光菩萨。无边光菩萨。跋陀婆罗等。十六正士。如文殊师利本所修行。复有六十菩萨。如弥勒菩萨本所修行。此贤劫中菩萨摩诃萨等。尔时世尊与无央数大众围绕。而为说法 佛说庄严菩提心经 October 07 我们真能预测未来吗? 梦中说梦话。说一件前天发生的事吧。 丢了皮夹,可是大事。因为所有的证件要重新办,花钱花力花时,我这辈子没丢过皮夹,也不准备要丢失皮夹。但是前天我的皮夹掉了。 当我早上到了学校后,一摸屁股口袋,皮夹不见了。心中一紧。第一反应是这下子有的烦了。然后再想,可能会掉在那里呢? 让我感叹地是。我在丢皮夹的前一天作了一个梦。我平时从来不记得我作过什么梦,也不记得我有做梦。这是我今年来唯一记得的一次。 梦中我怎么会知道我“将要“丢了皮夹?而皮夹会在办公室呢?我虽然从小就会算命,第六感能力也不错, 让我感慨到我们做人处事一定要良善啊。我们所有作过的事,不仅仅是是你知,我知,更是有天知,地知。 我从小就因家学渊源而懂算命(紫薇斗数)。据说算得很准。大家都找我算命,不胜其扰。每算一个命,我自己就要小倒霉一次。 人生如梦幻泡影,如露亦如电。在人生大梦中我作了个小梦,在此说了些梦话,诸位不要当真。 祝各位幸福快乐。最好不作梦,要作作好梦。诸位以为然否?
October 06 白天的月亮。中秋有感。当时明月在,曾照彩云归近几日,身微恙,虽疲备但不欲在人前显之。故休息一直不足。 今日中秋夜,大地凉爽和煦,月儿高悬明亮。携妻子女儿在家门附近散步。一派寂静无人。 不禁觉得神清气朗,倦意顿消。实乃因日月精华为药引,而妻女相伴为药本。在此中秋团圆佳节。 何其有幸能躲过了一次“千里共婵娟“,“共看明月应垂泪“啊。
虽然我这次是如此地幸运,但我知道这是世上确实是人有悲欢离合,月有阴晴圆缺,此事古难全。 不禁回想到我第一次在美国过的中秋夜,那是在纽约的哈德逊河上。 满船的人,满船的笑语,说不出的空虚。
当时明月在,曾照彩云归。
今夜,我四岁半女儿兰兰说:我们给月亮唱个生日快乐歌吧,今天是她生日呢!我们唱完后,女儿哭了。 女儿说:I miss the moon (我想月亮了),明天她就不圆了,就不在了。 我惊讶于她的眼泪。那颗颗纯真的眼泪。她是在想什么啊?难道她这么小就知道了月亮代表的“但愿人长久“的意义吗?
回到家,吃水果时,女儿突然对我说:爸爸,我见过白天的月亮。我说:是吗,什么时候见的啊? 她说;很久很久以前,我在阿弥陀佛那里的时候,见过白天的月亮。 我好奇的问他:那时候爸爸在吗? 她说:爸爸不在,爸爸老早就生出来了。 我问他:你看月亮时,还有谁啊?你可不要骗人哦! 她说: 就我一人。 我问她:你在阿弥陀佛那儿作学生吗? 她说:对啊。我问她:弥陀佛是在那作什么呢? 她说:他是老师。还有所有的菩萨也在那。 我问她:那观世音菩萨也在那儿作老师吗? 我女儿说:观世音菩萨是在那儿,但是他不是老师,他是 Big Helper (助教)。
人与人相处,就是个缘分,我女儿与我有很深的缘分,她亦有很深的佛缘,故能做我的女儿,我是何其有幸啊。 她从小所会念的第一个四字句就是“阿弥陀佛“。一岁不到时一听到净空老和尚讲佛经道理就马上安静下来,状似倾听。 虽然调皮捣蛋,但是从一岁半起只要带她到此地净宗佛堂 (一个非常清净,气好,庄严,念佛的道场),就安静微笑, 见到阿弥陀佛就会拜下礼佛。主持和尚每见到她总是合掌微笑闻讯,称呼她为“小菩萨“。
不管她讲的阿弥陀佛,是真是假,对我一点都不重要。她是爸爸心中的小菩萨。尤其在此皓月当空下,不禁想起我与她过去地种种, 那是刻骨铭心的回忆。 我的好女儿,我爱你,就让这无心的月,照应着我们有情的心。共谱这一段今生的奇缘吧。
女儿啊,当你有一天能看到这篇文章,可别忘了在心中对爸爸说声:我想你了。 女儿,我会听到的。
October 05 放假可不要吵架。这快乐就真地这么难找吗?
各位在此长假期中过地如何?是放松吗? 是快乐吗?还是。。。? 放假多好啊。小时候总盼着放假。放假就可以玩了。小时候的日子多美好,多值得回味啊。 可是,现在大了,情况还是这样吗? 这世界到底底怎么回事?工作时,想着放假。放假后,更是疲惫。 这快乐就是那么难求吗?真的吗? 我在美国这些日子没有放假。前日与一个姑娘(姑且在此称她为“小安“)聊天。在座还有俩位男同学。 我们聊天时提到了一位刚毕业的姑娘(在此称她为“小爱“)。小爱天天晚上都睡不着觉。是个对小事过分敏感。 很难自己把压力排解的姑娘。 小安想了想,很认真的说:我认为她首先要解决她的“根本问题“。只要她的根本问题解决了,其他一切问题就会随风而逝了。 我说:讲得太好了。小安,什么是根本问题? 你的根本问题是什么? 小安看看其他两位同学大笑着说:不能说,这是我的隐私。不能说。 我说:小安,你不要说细节。你就说抽象的吧。好不好? 她想了一阵,抿抿嘴说:这根本问题常始于小。 我心里想着:这些日子她是有些长进了。但还是开玩笑说:说的真好,想不到小姑娘家有这么多恋爱经验。 她连忙否认说:没有啦,我只是用恋爱举个例罢了。 我微笑着说:小安啊。你所说的根本问题,虽然是比较深层次了,但仍然不是所谓的“跟本问题“。你再想想看。 小安迷惘的望着我,我接着说:这是我的定理--根本问题绝对不可能有细节描述,你所举例的“第一次恋爱失败“绝对不是 根本问题。因为它有细节 (specifics). 根本问题必定是抽象的。记得,根本问题必定是抽象的。 小安的眼睛在闪烁着,我开始醍醐灌顶了:小安,你的根本问题是什么?我要你好好想想。我所给你看的书,与你讲的话,所有种种都是在帮助你找到你的根本问题。 小安点点头,很认真的说:我一定会努力的。 我说:谢谢你。 小安惊讶地笑着说:非常谢谢你。你为何要说“谢谢你“。 我反问她:你为何要谢谢我。 小安轻声地说:这些日子来,你的指导让我感觉到我在各方面进步很大。所以我要谢谢你。 我说:我也要谢谢你,因为帮助你,看你进步,让我不自觉地更快乐了。 接着我问另一位同学:你好吗?他是个比较矜持的人,他说他一切都很好。我说:唉,这下子,糟了。我不能再多得快乐了。 大家都笑了。 October 03 每一个人必读的好文 印光大师与卫锦洲居士书 (因邻火延烧、物屋一空、其妻惊骇病故、遂心神迷闷、如醉如狂) (1) 法华经云.三界无安.犹如火宅。众苦充满.甚可怖畏。 (2) 天之所以成就人者.有苦有乐.有逆有顺.有祸有福.本无一定。唯在当人具通方眼.善体天心.则无苦非乐.无逆非顺.无祸非福矣。 (3) 是以君子乐天知命.上不怨天.下不尤人.随遇而安.无往而不自在逍遥也。 (4) 所以素富贵行乎富贵(素者现在也、行者优游自得之意、富则周济贫穷、贵则致君泽民、尽其富贵之分、是之谓素富贵行乎富贵也).素贫贱行乎贫贱 (若家无余财、身未出仕、则守乎贫贱之节、不敢妄为).素夷狄行乎夷狄(若尽忠被谗、贬之远方、如云贵两广黑龙江等、则心平气和、不怨君上、不恨谗人、若自己就是彼地人一样).素患难行乎患难(或者不但远贬、且加之以刑、轻则楚打监牢、重则斩首分尸、或至灭门、仍然不怨君上、不恨奸党、若自己应该如此一样、人与之患难、尚然如是、何况天降之患难、岂有怨恨者乎、如是之人、则人爱之、天护之、或在此生、或在后世、或者子孙、决定有无穷之福报、以酬其德矣)。 (5) 居士虽有好善之资.未明儒佛至理。以故一遇逆境.便发狂乱耳。 (6) 今谕之曰.世间最博厚高明者.莫过天地日月。而日中则昃.月盈则食。高岸为谷.深谷为陵。沧海变桑田.桑田成沧海。古今最道高德备者.莫过孔子。而且绝粮于陈.被围于匡。周游列国.卒无所遇。只有一子.年才五十.即便死亡。幸有一孙.得绵世系。降此而下.颜渊短命.冉伯牛亦短命。子夏丧明.左邱明亦丧明。屈原沉江(屈原尽忠被谗、后以怀王被秦所留、不胜忧愤、而力无能为、五月五日、沈于汨罗江中).子路作醢(醢音海、肉酱也、子路仕卫、卫蒯瞆与其子辄争国、子路死于其难、遂被敌兵斩作肉酱)。天地日月.犹不能令其常然不变。大圣大贤.亦不能令其有顺无逆。唯其乐天知命.故所遇无不安乐也。而且千百世后.自天子以至庶人.无不景仰。以当时现境论之.似乎非福。以道传后世论之.则福孰有过于此者。 (7) 人生世间.千思万算.种种作为。究到极处.不过为养身口.遗子孙而已。然身则粗布亦可遮体.何必绫罗绸缎。口则菜羹尽可过饭.何必鱼肉海味。子孙则或读书.或耕田.或为商贾.自可养身.何必富有百万。 (8) 且古今为子孙谋万世之富贵者.莫过秦始皇。吞并六国.焚书坑儒.收天下兵器以铸大钟.无非欲愚弱其民.不能起事。谁知陈涉一起.群雄并作。一统之后.不上十二三年.便致身死国灭.子孙尽遭屠戮。直同斩草除根.靡有孑遗。是欲令子孙安乐者.反使其速得死亡也。 (9) 汉献帝时.曹操为丞相.专其威权。凡所作为.无非弱君势.重己权.欲令自身一死.子便为帝。及至已死.曹丕便篡。而且尸犹未殓.丕即移其嫔妾.纳于己宫。死后永堕恶道.历千四百余年.至清乾隆间.苏州有人杀猪出其肺肝.上有曹操二字。邻有一人见之.生大恐怖.随即出家.法名佛安。一心念佛.遂得往生西方.事载净土圣贤录。夫曹操费尽心机.为子孙谋。虽作皇帝.止得四十五年.国便灭亡。而且日与西蜀东吴互相争伐.何曾有一日安乐也。 (10) 下此若两晋宋齐梁陈隋.及五代之梁唐晋汉周.皆不久长。就中唯东晋最久.仅一百三年。其他或二三年.或八九年.一二十年.四五十年.即便灭亡。此乃正统。其余窃据伪国.其数更多.其年更促。推其初心.无非欲遗子孙以富贵尊荣。究其实效.反令子孙遭劫受戮.灭门绝户也。且贵为天子.富有四海.尚不能令子孙世受其福。况区区凡夫.从无量劫来.所作恶业.厚逾大地.深逾大海。可保家道常兴.有福无殃也耶。 (11) 须知世间万法.悉皆虚假.了无真实。如梦如幻.如泡如影.如露如电.如水中月.如空中花.如热时焰.如乾闼婆城(梵语乾闼婆、此云寻香、乃天帝乐神、其城乃幻现非实、世俗所谓蜃楼海市即此也)。唯自己一念心性.亘古亘今.不变不坏。虽不变坏.而常随缘。随悟净缘.则为声闻.为缘觉.为菩萨.为佛。由功德有浅深.故果位有高下。随迷染缘.则生天上.生人间.堕修罗.堕畜生.堕饿鬼.堕地狱。由罪福有轻重.故苦乐有短长。 (12) 若不知佛法之人.则无可如何。汝既崇信佛法.何不由此逆境.看破世相。舍迷染缘.随悟净缘。一心念佛.求生西方。从兹永出六道之轮回.高证四圣之果位。岂不是因此小祸.常享大福耶。而乃昧昧不了.如醉如狂。倘若焦思过度.或致丧身失命.则长劫难出轮回矣。而且弱妾孤子.何以自立。本欲自利利他.反成自害害他(他谓妾与子也)。何愚痴一至于此也。 (13) 经云.菩萨畏因.众生畏果。菩萨恐遭恶果.预先断除恶因。由是罪障消灭.功德圆满.直至成佛而后已。众生常作恶因.欲免恶果。譬如当日避影.徒劳奔驰。每见无知愚人.稍作微善.即望大福。一遇逆境.便谓作善获殃.无有因果。从兹退悔初心.反谤佛法。岂知报通三世.转变由心之奥旨乎。 (14) 报通三世者.现生作善作恶.现生获福获殃.谓之现报。今生作善作恶.来生获福获殃.谓之生报。今生作善作恶.第三生.或第四生.或十百千万生.或至无量无边劫后.方受福受殃者.谓之后报。后报则迟早不定。凡所作业.决无不报者。 (15) 转变由心者.譬如有人所作恶业.当永堕地狱.长劫受苦。其人后来生大惭愧.发大菩提心.改恶修善.诵经念佛.自行化他.求生西方。由是之故.现生或被人轻贱.或稍得病苦.或略受贫穷.与彼一切不如意事。先所作永堕地狱长劫受苦之业.即便消灭。尚复能了生脱死.超凡入圣。金刚经所谓若有人受持此经.为人轻贱.是人先世罪业.应堕恶道.以今世人轻贱故.先世罪业.即为消灭当得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提者.即转变由心之义也。 (16) 世人稍遇灾殃.不是怨天.便是尤人.绝无有作偿债想.生悔罪心者。须知种瓜得瓜.种豆得豆。种稂莠则不能得嘉榖。种荆棘则勿望收稻粱。作恶获福者.宿世之栽培深也。若不作恶.则福更大矣。譬如富家子弟.吃喝嫖赌.挥金如土.而不即冻馁者.以其金多也。倘日日如是.纵有百万之富.不几年即便家败人亡.扫地而尽矣。作善遇殃者.宿世之罪业深也。若不作善.则殃更大矣。譬如犯重罪人.未及行刑.复立小功。以功小故.未能全赦.改重为轻。倘能日日立功.以功多且大故.罪尽赦免.又复封侯拜相.世袭爵位.与国同休。 (17) 大丈夫生于世间.当具超格知见。岂可使身外之物.累坏自身。譬如金珠满屋.强盗来抢.只宜舍之速逃.岂可守财待死。良以金珠虽贵.若比身命.犹然轻贱。既不能两全.只可舍金珠而全身命耳。且汝财物已烧.空忧何益。惟宜随缘度日.竭力念佛.求生西方。则尽未来际.永离众苦.但受诸乐。如是则由此火灾.成无上道。当感恩报德之不暇.何怨恨迷闷之若是耶。 (18) 祈以予言详审忖度.当即释然解脱.如拨云雾以见天日。从兹即灾殃翻为善导.转热恼直下清凉矣。倘犹执迷不悟.势必发颠发狂。则本心已丧.邪魔附体。纵令千佛出世.亦不能奈汝何矣。 October 01 凡事要中庸。咱们老祖先两千多年仍然保存下来的智慧,还是有些道理的。其中之一就是我喜欢的“中庸之道“。
虽然我认为朱熹的注解常常自我衍申太多,但是他的中庸章句里这句话讲的还算准确:中庸者,不偏不倚, 無過不及 ,而平常之理,乃天命所當然,精微之極致也。
大家看看中庸原文的第一章 (节录): 天命之谓性.率性之谓道.修道之谓教.道也者.不可须臾离也.可离非道也...... 发而皆中节谓之和.中也者.天下之大本也.和也者.天下之达道也.致中和.天地位焉.万物育焉.
原文听起来有点吓人吧, 讲白话点就是做人作事要合情合理,不要过分。 这话适用到对人类自然环境的使用,对夫妻感情的维护,对自我修养的提升,对身体健康的保护, 对朋友相处的理解,对权力,欲望,处事,各种人事物的拿捏,当然也包含了对小孩教育的掌握。
楼主所转贴的这篇外国育儿的文章显然是中国人所写的,有许多对的,也有些不合情理的地方。例如“从小小婴儿开始就要培养孩子的心理独立,.... 孩子2个月开始独睡一个房间“。讲难听点,越低等的动物,其小小婴儿越早独立。人类这几百万年来的进化,其小孩哺育期的增长是有他深刻的道理的。反其道而行,就不是中庸之道了。(当然,过犹不及)
啰里啰唆讲了些老掉牙的平常道理,(哈哈,这就是中庸的“庸“-- 平常),望各位除了见谅外,还能有些体会。
论薛涌的"西方文明优越论“。有位薛涌先生写了篇让人摇头的文章:
薛先生,你在中国活了30多年并不代表你对中华文化有多深多广的知识。中华文化中且不谈诸子百家,就说是“儒,释,道“。你了解多少呢? 你在美国几年,更是可笑地简化了西方文明。将双方文明用2500年前的两个人作如此粗糙的比较。真是让我既难过,又可笑。
我这些年来在大学里一直接触许多中国留学生,我深刻的体认到中国学生对自己文化知识的浅薄。这或许是国家教育的问题。在此时,当务之急是让中国人了多解自己中国文化思想--至少是基本的儒释道。看到了你一个学“文“的所谓学者,对中国及西方文化的如此简单的解释,还侈言要比较“优劣“,就不禁让人摇头叹息了。希望你多看书,至少把佛教经典也看看吧,等30年后,再看看自己现在的文章,或许你会有不同的感受吧。
讲个笑话,你何不把耶稣和释迦牟尼作比较,然后衍生到东西方文明的优劣? 我这命题好像比你的好多了吧。但是劝你研究十年后再写吧。白纸黑字,写错了可是会被人笑的。 |
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